Ceramic bearings can adapt to many challenging conditions that arise during the semiconductor production stage; From furnace temperature close to 2500 ° F to cleanroom level 1 air quality. Common ceramic materials include silicon nitride (Si3N4), zirconia (ZrO2), alumina (Al2O3), or silicon carbide (SiC). Ceramics have no pores, so they are a glass like surface that can be used in clean rooms where traditional lubrication and emissions cannot exist. Ceramics are also non-magnetic, non corrosive, and have extremely low thermal expansion rates. Therefore, ceramic bearings can be used in the production of silicon wafers that exhibit high loads and high temperatures during the manufacturing process.